MGT502 Assignment # 1 Idea Solution

MGT502 Assignment # 1

Idea Solution

Seekers

Mr. Usman wishes to buy a new and expensive cellular phone. He searches internet, and consults with his friends and relatives to get some information about the latest models in the market. After one week, he decides to purchase Apple iPhone. While at the store, the salesman explains and proves that he can buy much better phone within the same budget if he goes for Black Berry Torch. Black Berry Torch gives better value for money with respect to performance, design, advance features and warranties. Relying on the available information, Mr. Usman finally decides to buy Apple iPhone.

In the light of above scenario answer the following questions.

Q.1: Identify and explain the decision making model being applied by Mr. Usman for the purchase of a new mobile. (10)

Rational Decision-Making

Model

“A decision-making model that describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some outcomes”

Steps in the Rational Decision-

Making Model

1. Define the problem.

2. Identify the decision criteria.

3. Allocate weights to the criteria.

4. Develop the alternatives.

5. Evaluate the alternatives.

6. Select the best alternative.

The optimizing decision maker is rational. He or she makes consistent, value-maximizing choices within specified constraints.

The Rational Model

Step 1: Defining the problem

• A problem is a discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs.

Many poor decisions can be traced to the decision maker overlooking a problem or defining the wrong problem.

Step 2: Identify the decision criteria important to solving the problem.

• The decision maker determines what is relevant in making the decision. Any factors not identified in this step are considered irrelevant to the decision maker.

• This brings in the decision maker’s interests, values, and similar personal preferences

Step 3: Weight the previously identified criteria in order to give them the correct priority in the decision.

Step 4: Generate possible alternatives that could succeed in resolving the problem.

Step 5: Rating each alternative on each criterion.

• Critically analyze and evaluate each alternative

• The strengths and weaknesses of each alternative become evident as they are compared with the criteria and weights established in the second and third steps.

Step 6: The final step is to compute the optimal decision:

• Evaluating each alternative against the weighted criteria and selecting the alternative with the highest total score.

Q.2: In your opinion, what other decision making models can be applied by Mr. Usman for such purpose?(10)

Intuitive Decision-Making

“An unconscious process created out of distilled experience”

1. Intuitive decision-making has recently come out of the closet and into some respectability.

2. What is intuitive decision making?

• It is an unconscious process created out of distilled experience. It operates in complement with rational analysis.

• Some consider it a form of extrasensory power or sixth sense.

• Some believe it is a personality trait that a limited number of people are born with.

3. Research on chess playing provides an excellent example of how intuition works.

• The expert’s experience allows him or her to recognize the pattern in a situation and draw upon previously learned information associated with that pattern to quickly arrive at a decision choice.

• The result is that the intuitive decision maker can decide rapidly with what appears to be very limited information.

• Eight conditions when people are most likely to use intuitive decision making:

1. when a high level of uncertainty exists
2. when there is little precedent to draw on
3. when variables are less scientifically predictable
4. when “facts” are limited
5. when facts do not clearly point the way to go
6. when analytical data are of little use
7. when there are several plausible alternative solutions to choose from, with good arguments for each
8. when time is limited, and there is pressure to come up with the right decision

• Although intuitive decision making has gained in respectability, don’t expect people— especially in North America, Great Britain, and other cultures where rational analysis is the approved way of making decisions—to acknowledge they are using it. Rational analysis is considered more socially desirable in these cultures.

CS301 Assignment # 3 Solution

CS301

Assignment # 3

Solution

Question

Consider a binary search tree (BST) that is initially empty. Draw the tree that will result if the following numbers are inserted in the order given below:

13, 3,1,2,4,12,10,5,8,7,6,9,11,14,15,18

After making a BST perform the following operations on it.

a) Pre order Traversal

b) Inorder Traversal

c) Postorder Traversal

Solution:

a) Pre Order Traversal

13, 3,1,2,4,12,10,5,8,7,6,9,11,14,15,18

b) Inorder Traversal

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,18

c) Postorder Traversal

2,1,6,7,9,8,5,11,10,12,4,3,18,15,14,13

MGT503 GDB IDEA SOLUTON

Question

There are certain aspects of decisions like the ‘management level’ at which the decision is taken, the ‘situation’ faced to take decision and the ‘type of decision’ etc.

Following are four different cases/ examples of decisions. You are required to identify Type of Decision (programmed or non-programmed), Management Level (upper, middle or lower), and the Situation (certainty, uncertainty or risk) for each case.

Situation

1 Apple computer Incorporation has successfully launched Macintosh computers in all over world. Now apple is going to launch Clutches Laptop in market.

Type of Decision

Programmed

Management level

Top

Situation

Uncertainty

Situation

2 Lathe (machine tool) operators have specifications and rules that tell them whether the part they made is acceptable, discarded or should be reworked.

Type of

Decision

Programmed

Management level

Lower

Situation

Uncertainty

Situation

3 Wal-Mart has different retail stores in USA, UK, China and France. They are going to open their chain of retail stores in Pakistan, too; but know a little about the country’s cultural, laws and order, economic, and political conditions.

Type of Decision

Non-programmed

Management level

Top

Situation

Risky

Situation

4 A multinational company is going to restructure its standard ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system in order to facilitate flow of information between all business functions and outside boundaries of organization

Type of Decision

Programmed

Management level

Middle

Situation

Certainty

CS201 Introduction to Programming Solution

#include

#include

main()

{

int ary1[3][3],ary2[3][3],ary[18],index,temp,max;

cout<<"Please enter the Elements of First Matrix: ";

for(int n=0;n<3;n++)

{

for(int m=0;m<3;m++)

{

cin>>ary1[n][m];

}

}

cout<<"Please enter the Elements of second Matrix: ";

for(int n=0;n<3;n++)

{

for(int m=0;m<3;m++)

{

cin>>ary2[n][m];

}

}

//Copying first array into single dimenional array

index=0;

for(int n=0;n<3;n++)

{

for(int m=0;m<3;m++)

{

ary[index]=ary1[n][m];

index++;

}

}

//Copying second array into single dimenional array

index=9;

for(int n=0;n<3;n++)

{

for(int m=0;m<3;m++)

{

ary[index]=ary2[n][m];

index++;

}

}

// Here sorting the third array in which ary1 and ary2 are copped....

// This sorting method is bubble sorting method in decending order.

for(int n=0;n<18;n++)

{

for(int m=n;m<18;m++)

{

if(ary[n]

{

temp=ary[n];

ary[n]=ary[m];

ary[m]=temp;

}

}

}

//Show arranged array in decending order

cout<<"Sorted Values from Both the Matrices are: "<

for(int n=0;n<18;n++)

{

cout<

}

getch();

}

Mgmt625 GDB idea Solution

Pakistan Railway, one of the largest institutions of Pakistan is providing the transportation services all over the country. But with the passage of time it has lost its credibility and is now at the verge of closure or dismemberment.

Greiner Model of organizational evolution & revolution proposed following dimensions of organizational development that is; age of organization, size of organization, stages of evolution, and stages of revolution.

In your opinion, which dimension of Greiner Model was ignored by Pakistan Railway that hindered its development? Justify your choice within two lines.

Solution:

Stage of revolution is ignored by Pakistan Railway.

unstable times leading to severe disturbance of management perform – means revolution or period of revolution.

Many organizations fail during such a crisis – unable to abandon past practices have to wind-up or compromise to lower levels of growth.

In case of Pakistan railway could not overcome solving problem. And the decisions were made to solve the problem but these decision have become major problem for it.

Mgmt625 Assignment Solution HRM625

Solution MGMT625 - Change Management

Pakistan Railway, one of the largest institutions of Pakistan is providing the transportation services all over the country. But with the passage of time it has lost its credibility and is now at the verge of closure or dismemberment.

Greiner Model of organizational evolution & revolution proposed following dimensions of organizational development that is; age of organization, size of organization, stages of evolution, and stages of revolution.

In your opinion, which dimension of Greiner Model was ignored by Pakistan Railway that hindered its development? Justify your choice within two lines.

Solution:

Stage of revolution is ignored by Pakistan Railway.

Turbulent times leading to severe upheaval of management practices – means revolution or period of revolution.

Many organizations fail during such a crisis – unable to abandon past practices have to wind-up or compromise to lower levels of growth.

The critical task for management in each revolutionary period is to find a new set of organization.

Interestingly, the new practices sow their own seeds of decay and lead to another revolution. Therefore management sees something a solution in one time period becomes a major problem later.

CS610 Assignment No. 2

Q1. Leased line connections are mostly used in our homes and offices. Give a real time example of leased lines and also describe any four benefits of leased line.

Q2. How default routes are important in routing? In which type of network design default routes are more appropriate to implement. Support your answer with routing examples.

ECO401 GDB solution

Consider the markets of motor vehicles and fuel oil. If price of motor vehicles rises, what will happen to the demand of fuel oil? In which direction the demand curve for fuel oil will shift with a rise in price of motor vehicles?

Answer: Fuel Oil Demand will fall and its curve will shift to Left reflecting decrease.

ECO402 Assignment 1 idea solution

Question no 1:

a. Ali has certain amount of money and he has to spend on two goods apple and strawberries. Suppose Ali completely prefers strawberries than apple.
How you will see this particular situation in the consumer equilibrium theory?
b. Support your answer with the help of graph.

Answer
For the first question the answer is "corner solution.” As according to the corner solution, if a consumer buys in extremes and buys the entire one category of good mean completely prefer one good over the other .In this situation the indifference curves are tangent to the horizontal and vertical exist. For the graph look in the lecture number 8 page no 50 in the topic of corner solution.


Question no 2:
Keeping in view the given data for the construction of roads from the year 2000 to year 2004, calculate the nominal price for the roads construction in each year.
Note: Take year 2000 as base year where required.
For question number 2 the formula is given as follows
Nominal price = CPI (current year)/CPI (base year)*Real price.
Here is the solution for the first year. Solve others by similar formula.
Nominal Price for the year 2000 = 45.5/45.5*5550

Nominal Price for the year 2000= 5550

PHY101 2nd Assignment Solution

Q# 1 A compact disc stores lectures Physics (PHY101) in a coded pattern of tiny pits 10^-7m deep. The pits are arranged in a track that spirals outward toward the rim of the disc; the inner and outer radii of this spiral are 20.0mm and 50.0mm, respectively. As the disc spins inside a CD player, the track is scanned at a constant linear speed of 1.5m/s.

(a) What is the angular speed of the CD when the innermost part of the track is scanned the outermost part of the track?

(b) The maximum playing time of a CD is 75.0m. What would be the length of the track on such a maximum duration CD if it were stretched out in a straight line?

(c) What is the average angular acceleration of a maximum duration CD during its 75.0m playing time? Take the direction of rotation of the disc to be positive.

Ans 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
Compact Disc. A compact disc (CD) stores music in a coded pattern of tiny pits 10^-7 m deep. The pits are arranged in a track that spirals outward toward the rim of the disc; the inner and outer radii of this spiral are 25.0 mm and 58.0 mm, respectively. As the disc spins inside a CD player, the track is scanned at a constant linear speed of 1.25 m/s.
The maximum playing time of a CD is 74.0 min. What would be the length of the track on such a maximum-duration CD if it were stretched out in a straight line?
2. Relevant equations
theta = (w_f + w_0)t
s = r*theta
w = angular velocity
3. The attempt at a solution
This is part 3 of the problem so I already have the angular velocity for the innermost and outermost of the disc--which I assume it is the initial and final angular velocity. Pls correct me if I'm wrong. I've used the eqns above to find theta and the length but I'm coming out with the wrong answer, 5.25km. I took the outer radius - inner radius = r. Can someone pls correct me? I don't know what I'm doing wrong. :frown:

Q # 2

The flywheel of a gasoline engine is required to give up 550J of kinetic energy while its angular velocity decreases from 790 rev/min to 730rev/min. What moment of inertia is required?

Ans

790rpm = 790 x 2pi / 60 rad/s; w1 = 82.73 rad/s
730rpm = 730 x 2pi / 60 rad/s; w2 = 76.45 rad/s
Kineic energy of rotation = Iw2/2 so
550 =(I x 82.73^ /2) - (I x 76.45^2)
1100 = I x (82.73^2 - 76.45^2)
I = 1100 / 999.65
= 1.10 kgm^2

Mgt603 Idea Solution

A)You are required to develop a Mission Statement for your company

that must include the following nine components:

Following Mission Statement of Khaalis Food limited company is contain nine

elements

Khaalis food mission is to make, distribute and sell the finest quality all natural ice cream

and related products in a wide variety of innovative flavors made from Vermont dairy

products. To operate the company on a sound financial basis of profitable growth,

increasing value for our shareholders, and creating career opportunities and financial

rewards for our employees. To operate the Company in a way that actively recognizes the

central role that business plays in the structure of society by initiating innovative ways

that actively recognizes the central role that business plays in the structure of society by

initiating innovative ways to improve the quality of life of a broad community local,

national and international.

B) Explain whether the Mission Statement supports ‘Customer Orientation’ or not.

Give reasons to justify your answer?

In my point of view Mission statement supports customer orientation.

Now business are not run for the sake of money and short term financial benefits

only but for a long time sustainable growth and development. Now the only focus of all

business missions is CUSTOMER and Customer Satisfaction

.

It is the customer who determines what a business is. It is the customer alone

whose willingness to pay for a good or service converts economic resources into wealth

and things into goods.

A good mission statement reflects the anticipations of customers. Rather than

developing a product and then trying to find a market, the operating philosophy of

organization should be to identify customer’s need and then provide a product or service

to fulfill those needs.

Explain whether the Mission Statement supports ‘Customer Orientation’ or not. Give

reasons to justify your answer.

In my point of view Mission statement supports customer orientation.

A good mission statement reflects the anticipations of customers. Rather than developing

a product and then trying to find a market, the operating philosophy of organization

should be to identify customer’s need and then provide a product or service to fulfill

those needs.

MGT613 GDB 01 Idea Solution

Formula: Ft=Ft – 1 + a (At – 1 – Ft – 1)

Ft= Forecast value for the coming time period

Ft – 1= Forecast value in 1 past time period.

At – 1 = Actual occurrence in the 1 past time period

Week	Demand	0.1	Calculations
1	860	860	=860 + .10 (0) =860
2	730	860	=860 + .10 (860-860) =860 + .10 (0) =860
3	690	847	=860 + .10 (730-860) =860 + .10 (-130) =860 -13 =847
4	610	831.3	=847 + .10 (690-847) =847 + .10 (-157) =847 -15.7 =831.3
5		809.17	=831.3+ .10 (610-831.3) =831.3+ .10 (-221.3) =831.3 – 22.13 =809.17

ECO403 Assignment 2 Idea solution

A):
Let an economy is characterized by the following equations:
C = 400 + 0.8(Y-T)
G = 300
T = 250
I = 200
CALCULATE the equilibrium level of output.
Answer aY=C+I+G
Y=400+0.8(y-T)+200+300
Y=400+0.8(?-250)+200+300
Y=400+200+300=900
(0.8y=?-T)=900
Y=900={(0.8y-250)}
Solving y=?
Y=(1-0.8=0.2)=900
Y=900/0.2=4500
Deduct tax=250
(Y-T)
Y=(4500-250)
Y=4250
Use the above figure to describe the short-run effects of an increase in taxes on
national income, the interest rate, the price level, consumption and investment.
Note: describe theoretically. Diagram is NOT required


Answer bInterest rate=
Interest rate will be increase


Price level=
Price level will be increase.
Consumption=
Consumption decrease due to increase in tax no one can be saving
Investment =
Investment will increase

MGT211 Assignment 2 Idea solution

mgt611 GDB Idea solution

Scenario…………

There is a company named; JJ & Co registered under company’s ordinance 1984. Its memorandum of association asserts absolute compliance with all the clauses & sections of company’s ordinance 1984. In some instances; for the sake of profitability and smooth functioning of company’s affaires; Management takes decisions totally by passing the memorandum of association.



Question No. 1

Can it be concluded that company is legal?

Question No. 2

Can court of law wind up the business of JJ & company?




A company can alter its memorandum

1-To carry on its business more economically or more efficiently or

2- to attain its main perpose by new or improved means; or

3- to enlarge or change the local area of its operations;

4-to carry on some business,not being a business specified in its memorandum

5-to sale or dispose or the whole or any part of the undertaking of the company

So according to these allowed alteration scheme described above which is part of company’s ordinance 1984 if management of company named JJ&CO takes decisions remaining in the limits of these features. Than

Qno1

Solution: So according to these allowed alteration scheme described above which is part of company’s ordinance 1984 if management of company named JJ&CO takes decisions remaining in the limits of these features.

Conclusion :

yes it is legal

Qno2

Solution: No court of Law will never wind up the business of JJ & Company’s

But if company takes some illegal way to make profit crossing the limits described above than court of law will take serious steps to give punishment like fine or suspending of thoses employees or top managers who ll b involved in this.
Solution # 2 :-

Type of Conflict:-
In this situation competitive conflict (win-lose) will arise as staff demands more bonuses after they claim increase in the sales and management is not prepared to announce more bonuses.
Afteraffects:
A competitive process will most likely have the following effects on the parties:
Communication is obstructed as the conflicting parties try to gain advantage by misleading each other through false promises and misinformation. Communication is ultimately reduced as the parties realize they cannot trust one another's communications as honest and informative.

"Obstructiveness and lack of helpfulness lead to mutual negative attitudes and suspicion of one another's intentions. One's perceptions of the other tend to focus on the person's negative qualities and ignore the positives."
The parties are unable to effectively divide their work and end up duplicating efforts. When they do divide it, they continuously feel the need to check each other's work.

Ongoing disagreement and critical rejection of ideas reduces participants' self-confidence as well as confidence in the other parties.

The conflicting parties seek to increase their own power and therefore see any increase in the other side's power as a threat.

The competitive process fosters the notion that the solution of the conflict can only be imposed by one side on the other. This orientation also encourages the use of coercive tactics such as psychological or physical threats and/or violence. This process tends to expand the range of contested issues and turns the conflict into a power struggle, with each side seeking to win outright. This sort of escalation raises the motivational significance of the conflict for the participants and makes them more likely to accept a mutual disaster rather than a partial defeat or compromise.

MGT613 GDB01 Open

Total Marks	20
Starting Date	Tuesday, April 26, 2011
Closing Date	Friday, April 29, 2011
Status	Open
Question/Description	Question: Given the weekly demand data, what are the exponential smoothing forecasts for periods 2-05 using a=0.10? Week Demand 0.1 1 860 2 730 3 690 4 610 5 Note: Calculation along with the formula is required for each period's forecast. Students who give answers without calculation will be given low marks/no marks.