ENG301 Fall 2012 Assignment No. 1 Solution

Question # 01

1..... EXAMPLE When the teacher uses very difficult or unfamiliar words the students may not comprehend them.

Communication Barriers Semantic

2.....EXAMPLE Communication fails if there are hasty judgments, refusal to listen to a problem, distraction, acceptance of words literally, fear of criticism, day dreaming, impatience, etc.

Communication Barriers Emotional

3..... EXAMPLE The undesirable sound such as that arising out of dragging a table or sneezing or banging of the door or the window panes or creaking of the door or the fan etc. can pose a distraction.

Communication Barriers Physical

4.... EXAMPLE People, who suffer from ailments such as anxiety and depression, tend to misunderstand what is being said about them.

Communication Barriers Physical

5..... EXAMPLE A speaker may also ruin her credibility with listeners with defensive behavior: instead of accepting new information or that she was incorrect; she may justify a mistake or refuse to admit it altogether.

Communication Barriers Values Attitude

6.....EXAMPLE Seeing things through the lens of our own unique life experiences may lead to assumptions, stereotyping and misunderstandings of others whose experiences differ from our own.

Communication Barriers Perceptional

7....EXAMPLE The audience fails to get the intended meaning if the words or expressions used are too complicated or uncommon. Semantic

8.... In case of written communication illegible writing or bad photocopies lead to miscommunication.

Communication Barriers Physical

9.... EXAMPLE When a listener is fearful that she won't understand what's being said, she tends to shutdown and stop listening as a defense mechanism for future mistakes.

Communication Barriers Psychological

10 ...EXAMPLE If you are experiencing a high level of stress, you may be unable to adequately communicate your own needs or to really hear what another person is saying Communication Barriers Value Attitude

Question # 02

Point 1

This is a downward flow of communication. In the organization decision are made by the top management then these decisions are communicated to the lower management ,then this management makes further downward communication to the low level of management then they further communicated to the supervisors , this is the whole process of downward communication . In this specific instant the president is message is comminuted to the vice president accounting this is downward communication because message is communicated from the top management to the middle management.

Point 2

At this point up ward flow of communication is made middle management to top management, to make decisions president needs information or feedback from the employees, middle management, in upward flow communication is started from supervisors to the top management, supervisor report to low level management, low level to middle level to top level which is the president or CEO or board of Directors.

Point 3

At this point horizontal flow takes place .In order to perform a job, duty, or for the preparation of meetings and to corporate on important issue, communication on the same level .in this hierarchy vice president production communicating to vice president marketing for some cooperation or discussing a issue may b exchange of ideas for launching new product in market. At this communication is taking place at middle level.

Point 4

At this point upward flow of communication is taking place a head (supervisor) of department B of Accounting is communicating to vice president Marketing regarding some issue may b availability of funds for new advertise campaign. 

...........

Solution # 02:

1.Downward Flow

2.Upward Flow

3.Horizontal Flow

4.Upward Flow 

.................

2

Communication fails if there are hasty judgments, refusal to listen to a problem, distraction, acceptance of words literally, fear of criticism, day dreaming, impatience, etc.(Psychological)

The undesirable sound such as that arising out of dragging a table or sneezing or banging of the door or the window panes or creaking of the door or the fan etc. can pose a distraction.(physical)

People, who suffer from ailments such as anxiety and depression, tend to misunderstand what is being said about them(emotional)

Seeing things through the lens of our own unique life experiences may lead to assumptions, stereotyping and misunderstandings of others whose experiences differ from our own.(perceptual)

The audience fails to get the intended meaning if the words or expressions used are too complicated or uncommon.(semantic)

..................

in case of written communication illegible writing or bad photocopies lead to miscommunication.(PHYSICAL)

When a listener is fearful that she won't understand what's being said, she tends to shutdown and stop listening as a defense mechanism for future mistakes.(PSYCHOLOGICAL)

If you are experiencing a high level of stress, you may be unable to adequately communicate your own needs or to really hear what another person is saying(EMOTIONAL)

Mgt101 assignment 1 fall 2012 solution

MGT610 GDB Solution Fall 2012

I'm not sure how to answer this question, but here are some "ways" through which a company can maintain a good repute (keeping intact basic ethics) alongside a steady flow of profits.

(A) MANAGEMENT. The ethical stance of a company originates from the consistent integrity of its senior officers. From the first day in business, they inform all employees that the primary focus of the organization will be equitable and unbiased service. Customer satisfaction will always be given top priority. 

These objectives should be proclaimed proudly in all media advertising. Members of the public, frustrated with the half-truths and price-gouging so prevalent in business today, will be more than willing to give this refreshingly honest enterprise a try. 

(B) STAFF. The employees must also be committed to the maintenance of high ethical standards. In turn, they, themselves, must be treated as valued members of the organization and be well compensated for their work. Overtime hours and contributions to the efficiency and improvement of the operation must be recognized and rewarded. 

The staff will become ambassadors of goodwill for the organization. Word will soon be spread around the community that the company is a great place to work, and there will be no shortage of skilled and qualified workers anxious to come on board as the company grows. 

(C) CUSTOMERS. With competent workers, high ethical standards and an overall commitment to excellence, any organization will very quickly secure a nucleus of satisfied customers and all their repeat business. 

( D) THE COMMUNITY. The community will become your advertising agents. You will be recommended to the friends and neighbours, relatives and co-workers of your regular customers. Your reputation for high ethical standards, honesty, and good service will draw an ever-increasing number of new clients . Your greatest problem will be finding time and room to expand. 

(E) YOUR COMPETITORS. They will notice their customer base dwindling, and realize they either have to adopt improved professional practices or look around for another location outside the sphere of influence of your company and its satisfied and loyal customers. 

The link between business ethics and profitability is undeniable. Smart business owners know this. They repay their staff and customers by being honest, trustworthy, conscientious, and by sharing some of the benefits and profits they accumulate through others' effort and loyalty .

Could add, that since the question itself talks about technology, organizations could avoid exaggerating about themselves over the internet. 

Instead indulge in some honest yet clever marketing techniques, through which they dont violate business ethics however attract customers at the same time.

Mgt610 VU Current Assignment No. 1 Spring 2012 Solution

“Is it compulsion or persuasion to implement ethical

practices in business? Take a position and support

with relevant facts

Idea solution:

In organization, while working its necessary to follow the ethic’s rules and persuade

them in day to day work by employees. Compulsion in implementing ethical

practices will help business to grow. People feel responsible when they compelled to

follow the ethics and it will be good for the business as well in following :

1. Improve customers' confidence : Business ethics are needed to improve the

customers' confidence about the quality, quantity, price, etc. of the products.

The customers have more trust and confidence in the businessmen who

follow ethical rules. They feel that such businessmen will not cheat them.

2. Survival of business : Business ethics are mandatory for the survival of

business. The businessmen who do not follow it will have short-term success,

but they will fail in the long run. This is because they can cheat a consumer

only once. After that, the consumer will not buy goods from that

businessman. He will also tell others not to buy from that businessman. So

this will defame his image and provoke a negative publicity. This will result

in failure of the business. Therefore, if the businessmen do not follow ethical

rules, he will fail in the market. So, it is always better to follow appropriate

code of conduct to survive in the market.

3. Safeguarding consumers' rights : The consumer has many rights such as

right to health and safety, right to be informed, right to choose, right to be

heard, right to redress, etc. But many businessmen do not respect and

protect these rights. Business ethics are must to safeguard these rights of the

consumers.

4. Protecting employees and shareholders : Business ethics are required to

protect the interest of employees, shareholders, competitors, dealers,

suppliers, etc. It protects them from exploitation through unfair trade

practices.

5. Develops good relations : Business ethics are important to develop good and

friendly relations between business and society. This will result in a regular

supply of good quality goods and services at low prices to the society. It will

also result in profits for the businesses thereby resulting in growth of

economy.

6. Creates good image : Business ethics create a good image for the business

and businessmen. If the businessmen follow all ethical rules, then they will be

fully accepted and not criticised by the society. The society will always

support those businessmen who follow this necessary code of conduct.

7. Smooth functioning : If the business follows all the business ethics, then the

employees, shareholders, consumers, dealers and suppliers will all be happy.

So they will give full cooperation to the business. This will result in smooth

functioning of the business. So, the business will grow, expand and diversify

easily and quickly. It will have more sales and more profits.

8. Consumer movement : Business ethics are gaining importance because of the

growth of the consumer movement. Today, the consumers are aware of their

rights. Now they are more organised and hence cannot be cheated easily.

They take actions against those businessmen who indulge in bad business

practices. They boycott poor quality, harmful, high-priced and counterfeit

(duplicate) goods. Therefore, the only way to survive in business is to be

honest and fair.

9. Consumer satisfaction : Today, the consumer is the king of the market. Any

business simply cannot survive without the consumers. Therefore, the main

aim or objective of business is consumer satisfaction. If the consumer is not

satisfied, then there will be no sales and thus no profits too. Consumer will be

satisfied only if the business follows all the business ethics, and hence are

highly needed.

10. Importance of labour : Labour, i.e. employees or workers play a very crucial

role in the success of a business. Therefore, business must use business ethics

while dealing with the employees. The business must give them proper wages

and salaries and provide them with better working conditions. There must be

good relations between employer and employees. The employees must also be

given proper welfare facilities.

11. Healthy competition : The business must use business ethics while dealing

with the competitors. They must have healthy competition with the

competitors. They must not do cut-throat competition. Similarly, they must

give equal opportunities to small-scale business. They must avoid monopoly.

This is because a monopoly is harmful to the consumers.

Some more are:

• Enhanced reputations and good will

• Reduced risks and costs

• Protection from their own employees and agents

• Stronger competitive positions

• Expanded access to capital, credit, and foreign investment

• Increased profits

• Sustained long-term growth

• International respect for enterprises and emerging markets

Mgt111 GDB No. 1 solution Spring 2012

The values of freedom, respect for human rights and the principle of holding periodic and genuine elections by universal suffrage are essential elements of democracy. In turn, democracy provides the natural environment for the protection and effective realization of human rights. Background (Preamble): Issues: 1. Violation of Human Rights in Pakistan. 2. No Fair election. 3. Dictatorship. 4. Now State of emergency to save political power. 5.Ban of Media. Today the top politicians of Pakistan are busy in saving democracy. What one wonders is which democracy are they engrossed in saving. Democracy is defined as a form of government in which all citizens of the state have an equal say in the decisions that affect their daily lives. Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as ‘by the people, of the people, for the people’. Here in Pakistan whenever elections are held, the party that loses immediately starts saying that the elections were rigged. Those voted into power are generally clueless about governance and statesmanship. If the political leaders fear that the army will take over the country how do they propose to save democracy and which democracy will they have saved. Whenever there has been a military coup we have never seen the citizens taking to the streets in protest. In fact they have heaved a sigh of relief. Living in palatial residences, being nurtured into politics by military despots does not breed leaders. There are hardly any political leaders in this country who don’t have skeletons in their cupboards. And they are so scared of any establishment baring these skeletons that they stick to their well versed mantras. A democratic country generally has two major political parties in the parliament, one in power, and the other in the opposition. It’s the work of the opposition to ensure that the party in power delivers good governance and works for the welfare of the citizens. In which democracy has the term ‘friendly opposition’ been used to describe the working of the opposition? Pakistan has sunk to the bottom among the nations of the world while the politicians have been busy in ‘saving democracy’. Nobody wants to come here, let alone invest over here. Inflation has crossed all limits and the citizens for whom democracy is being saved are living from hand to mouth. There is no hope in sight, light at the end of the tunnel that the nation can see or hope to see that will alter their lives. Lives can be changed; the nation can be pulled out from its misery if we can find honest leaders. Leaders who will work relentlessly for the people; deal with a firm hand to end corruption; not get busy in amassing their own wealth. If a nation prospers and it has honest hard working leaders who put the needs of their citizens above everything else; democracy will not have to be saved. It will flourish and bloom on its own.

Another Solution

FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND PRINCIPLES OF POLICIES
Constitution 1973

ANSWER:

Pakistani government and civil society have take steps towards the implementation of universal human rights over recent years. The quality and characteristics of democracy is slowly improving now. Pakistan has entered in many of key human rights treaties with other such institutions and recently accepted the UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the UN Conventional against Torture.
Judiciary is more independent than before. Media become free to dispose and criticize the government matters and actions and become progressed so fast.
Human rights are an indivisible part of our foreign policy.
Pakistani Parliament become so powerful and had a first female speaker.
There is particularly high rate of violence against women but now government is taking steps for providing the fundamental rights to the women and children.
The 1973 Constitution contains
Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policies which give basic rights to citizens. Some of the articles pertaining to human dignity and respect given in constitution are as follows:-

• Security of a person,
• Safeguards as to arrest and detention
• Slavery, forced labor prohibited
• Inviolability of dignity of man: privacy of home shall be inviolable and safe.
• Freedom of movement: Every citizen have right to move freely and reside and settle at any place in Pakistan.
• Freedom of assembly: Every citizen shall have right to assemble peacefully.
• Every citizen shall have freedom of trade, business or any other profession but these must be lawful.
• Every citizen have right to freedom of speech and expression, but it must be within lawful limit.
• Every citizen has a right to freedom to announce his religion and to manage religious institution.
• No person shall be taxed for the income that he spent for his religious propagation and maintenance.
• Safeguard as to Educational Institution in Respect of Religion. The principle of secularism, as opposed to religious extremism, violence and terrorism. All citizens are equal before law and all are protected equally by law.
• Democratic pluralism and equal rights for all without discrimination on the basis of race, religion, ethnicity, gender and political belief, sex, place of birth.