Eng101 Assignment 01 Idea Solution

Q1: Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the end.

“Getting a New Job”

Anna is a senior in college. She is in search of a job. She lives in New York City. Life there can be very difficult. It is expensive. Her parents are going to stop giving her money after college. This morning, she read in the paper about a job downtown. The job sounded interesting and offered good pay. She decided to get information about applying to the job.

“I want to apply for this job I read about in the paper. What do I need to do?” asked Anna. “You will need to fill out the application. Then, you will need to prepare a resume,” said Anna’s college counselor. “Do I need a cover letter?” asked Anna. “Yes, you should include that in your application as well,” replied the counselor.

Anna filled out the application. Then she typed a resume. Her roommate was kind enough to edit it for her. She then typed her cover letter. When it was finished, she mailed her application. In a week she received a phone call.

“Anna, this is Mr. Smith. I am calling in reference to your application. We would like to invite you for an interview,” said Mr. Smith. “Oh that is great. I can come any time this week,” replied Anna. “How about tomorrow morning at ten?” asked Mr. Smith. “That is perfect. See you then,” said Anna.

The next day Anna had her interview. It was successful. Mr. Smith called her the next day and offered her a job.

Questions:

1. Why is living in New York City difficult for Anna?

Answer: Life can be very difficult for her, first it is very expensive to live there and

second her parents going to stop giving her money after college.

2. What does Ann Nora need in order to apply for the job?

Answer: She was needed to fill the application. Then she needed to resume and she also needed her cover letter.

3. How does Anna find out about the available job?

Answer: She read the ad about the job in downtown from the news paper.

4. Infer the meaning of “roommate” with reference to the given context

Answer: A roommate is a person who shares a living facility such as an apartment or dormitory. He/she also provide his/her services to his/her roommate.

5. What is the result of Anna’s interview?

Answer: It was successful, and Mr. Smith called her next day and offered her a job.

Q2: Fill in the blanks with appropriate words keeping in mind the lectures you have studied. [Lectures 11-18]

1- Forming the sounds of each word even though you may not say them aloud is called vocalization.

2- The discovering of ideas in writing that is not stated directly is called making inferences.

3- A fact is a statement that can be proved true through objective evidence.

4- The purpose of a table is to give the reader numerical information at a glance.

5- A good argument is one in which you make a point and then provide support i.e. persuasive and logical evidence, to back it up.

STA630 GDB No. 1 Solution

Semester Fall 2010

"Research Methods (STA630)"

Schedule

Opening Date and Time

November 22, 2010 At 12:01 A.M. (Mid-Night)

Closing Date and Time

November 24 , 2010 At 11:59 P.M. (Mid-Night)

Topic/Area for Discussion

"MEASUREMENT OF CONCEPTS"

Note: The discussion question will be from the area/topic mentioned above. So start learning about the topic now.

....................

Discussion Question

"Which of the scale among ratio and interval scale is better? Justify our answer"

..........

Solution:

I think Ration Scale is better:

Interval Scale:-Permissible Statistics

mean, standard deviation, correlation, regression, analysis of variance

Ratio Scale:-Permissible Statistics
All statistics permitted for interval scales plus the following: geometric mean, harmonic mean, coefficient of variation, logarithms

Interval scale

Quantitative attributes are all measurable on interval scales, as any difference between the levels of an attribute can be multiplied by any real number to exceed or equal another difference. A highly familiar example of interval scale measurement is temperature with the Celsius scale. In this particular scale, the unit of measurement is 1/100 of the difference between the melting temperature and the boiling temperature of water at atmospheric pressure. The "zero point" on an interval scale is arbitrary; and negative values can be used. The formal mathematical term is an affine space (in this case an affine line). Variables measured at the interval level are called "interval variables" or sometimes "scaled variables" as they have units of measurement.

Ratios between numbers on the scale are not meaningful, so operations such as multiplication and division cannot be carried out directly. But ratios of differences can be expressed; for example, one difference can be twice another.

The central tendency of a variable measured at the interval level can be represented by its mode, its median, or its arithmetic mean. Statistical dispersion can be measured in most of the usual ways, which just involved differences or averaging, such as range, interquartile range, and standard deviation. Since one cannot divide, one cannot define measures that require a ratio, such as studentized range or coefficient of variation. More subtly, while one can define moments about the origin, only central moments are useful, since the choice of origin is arbitrary and not meaningful. One can define standardized moments, since ratios of differences are meaningful, but one cannot define coefficient of variation, since the mean is a moment about the origin, unlike the standard deviation, which is (the square root of) a central moment.

Ratio measurement

Most measurement in the physical sciences and engineering is done on ratio scales. Mass, length, time, plane angle, energy and electric charge are examples of physical measures that are ratio scales. The scale type takes its name from the fact that measurement is the estimation of the ratio between a magnitude of a continuous quantity and a unit magnitude of the same kind (Michell, 1997, 1999). Informally, the distinguishing feature of a ratio scale is the possession of a non-arbitrary zero value. For example, the Kelvin temperature scale has a non-arbitrary zero point of absolute zero, which is denoted 0K and is equal to -273.15 degrees Celsius. This zero point is non arbitrary as the particles that compose matter at this temperature have zero kinetic energy.

Examples of ratio scale measurement in the behavioral sciences are all but non-existent. Luce (2000) argues that an example of ratio scale measurement in psychology can be found in rank and sign dependent expected utility theory.

All statistical measures can be used for a variable measured at the ratio level, as all necessary mathematical operations are defined. The central tendency of a variable measured at the ratio level can be represented by, in addition to its mode, its median, or its arithmetic mean, also its geometric mean or harmonic mean. In addition to the measures of statistical dispersion defined for interval variables, such as range and standard deviation, for ratio variables one can also define measures that require a ratio, such as studentized range or coefficient of variation.

Interval Scale

An interval scale assumes that the measurements are made in equal units. However, an interval scale does not have to have a true zero. Good examples of interval scales are the Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales. A temperature of "zero" does not mean that there is no temperature...it is just an arbitrary zero point. An Interval Scale

Ratio Scale

Ratio scales are similar to interval scales. A ratio scale allows you to compare differences between numbers. For example, if you measured the time it takes 3 people to run a race, their times may be 10 seconds (Racer A), 15 seconds (Racer B) and 20 seconds (Racer C). You can say with accuracy, that it took Racer C twice as long as Racer A. Unlike the interval scale, the ratio scale has a true zero value.

INTERVAL SCALE

A characteristic of data such that the difference between two values measured on the scale has the same substantive meaning/significance irrespective of the common level of the two values being compared. This implies that scores may meaningfully be added or subtracted and that the mean is a representative measure of central tendency. Such data are common in the domain of physical sciences or engineering - e.g. lengths or weights. Also see : MEASUREMENT TYPE, SCALE TYPES, STEVENS' TYPOLOGY.

RATIO SCALE

This is a type of MEASUREMENT SCALE for which it is meaningful to reason in terms of differences in scores (see INTERVAL SCALE) and also in terms of ratios of scores. Such a scale will have a zero point which is meaningful in the sense that it indicates complete absence of the property which the scale measures. The RATIO SCALE may be either unipolar (negative values not meaningful) or bipolar (both positive and negative values meaningful), and either continuous or discrete.

MKT630 GDB 01

Total Marks 2

Starting Date Tuesday, November 23, 2010

Closing Date Wednesday, November 24, 2010

Status Open

Question/Description

Now a day when you visit any departmental store, you will find many imported items at lower prices as countries can import/export anything without any hurdle; this is the essence of globalization and WTO. In contrary this process of free trade is a threat for the local Small and medium business as people may prefer to buy imported good instead of local.

What do you think about the effective role of government in developing and preserving the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from international competition?

CS201 Assignment 2 Solution

using namespace std;
#include
#include
void match(int[],int[]);
main()
{
int array1[10];
int array2[10];
int arrayIndex=1;
cout << "\nPlease enter 10 integers for array1:\n" << endl;
while (arrayIndex <= 10)
{
cout << "Enter element "<cin >> array1[arrayIndex-1];
arrayIndex++;
}
arrayIndex=1;
cout << "\nPlease enter 10 integers for array2:\n" << endl;
while (arrayIndex <= 10)
{
cout << "Enter element "<cin >> array2[arrayIndex-1];
arrayIndex++;
}
match(array1,array2);
getche();
}
void match ( int Array1[], int Array2[])
{
int arrayMatch[10];
int arrayMatchIndex=0;
int i;
int loopRuns=0;
for ( i = 0 ; i <=9 ; i ++)
{
if (Array1[i] == Array2[i])
{
arrayMatch[arrayMatchIndex]=i;
loopRuns++;
arrayMatchIndex++;
}
}
if (loopRuns==10 )
{
cout << "\nBoth arrays are identical\n" << endl;
}
else if (loopRuns==0 )
{
cout << "\nNo element is same in both arrays\n" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "\nBoth arrays have same elements on:\n" << endl;
for ( i = 0 ; i {
cout << "Index "<}
}
}

Fin622 GDB No. 1 solution

Semester "Fall 2010"

"Corporate Finance (Fin622)"

This is to inform that Graded Discussion Board (GDB) will be opened according to the following schedule

Schedule

Opening Date and Time

November 22 , 2010 At 12:01 A.M. (Mid-Night)

Closing Date and Time

November 24 , 2010 At 11:59 P.M. (Mid-Night)

Topic/Area for Discussion

“Capital budgeting"

Note: The discussion question will be from the area/topic mentioned above. So start learning about the topic now.

Discussion Question

XYZ Company is one of the biggest manufacturing concerns of the country. Being the finance manager of XYZ Company, you have been assigned a task to evaluate three projects. The future cash flows from the three projects are summarized in given table.

Project A
Project B
Project C

Initial investment
45,000
70,000
50,000

Cash inflows

Year 1
20,000
20,000
30,000

Year 2
20,000
26,000
28,000

Year 3
20,000
30,000
35,000

Consider the discount factor to be 14% and that the company has sufficient funds to take projects.

Required:

I. On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are independent and why?

II. On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are mutually exclusive and why?

.........

FIN622 GDB No. 1 Solution

Project A

Initial Investment = 45000

Years 1 2 3

Cash Flows 20000 20000 20000

Calculation:-

NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t

NPV = - 45000 + 20000/(1+0.14)1 + 20000/(1+0.14)2 + 20000/(1+0.14)3

NPV = -45000 + 17543.859 + 15389.350 + 13499.430

NPV = - 45000 + 46432.639

NPV = 1432.639

Project B

Initial Investment = 70000

Years 1 2 3

Cash Flows 20000 26000 30000

Calculation:-

NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t

NPV = - 70000 + 20000/(1+0.14)1 + 26000/(1+0.14)2 + 30000/(1+0.14)3

NPV = - 70000 + 17543.859 + 20006.155 + 20249.145

NPV = - 70000 + 57800

NPV = - 12200

Project C

Initial Investment = 50000

Years 1 2 3

Cash Flows 30000 28000 35000

Calculation:-

NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t

NPV = - 50000 + 30000/(1+0.14)1 + 28000/(1+0.14)2 + 35000/(1+0.14)3

NPV = - 50000 + 26316 + 21545 + 23624

NPV = - 50000 + 71485

NPV = 21485

1) On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are independent and why?

Reference:

MGT201 (Page 47)

Independent: implies that the cash flows of the two investments are not linked to each other

Solution:-

If the projects are independent then I will select Project C 1st and after that I will select Project A on 2nd because both have Positive NPV.

2) On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are mutually exclusive and why?

Reference:

MGT201 (page 47)

Mutually Exclusive: means that you can invest in ONE of the investment choices and having chosen one you cannot choose another.

Solution:-

I will Select Project C because it has positive NPV and also have greater amount Rs. 21485.